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This study compared the transition from block-based programming to Python (BPP) with the transition from text-based programming to Python (TPP) in regard to computational thinking, programming behaviors, and attitudes in a 16-week quasi-experiment with 64 secondary students. The study found that TPP learners had significantly higher scores in creativity, collaboration, and total computational thinking; more code writing and debugging behaviors, and fewer irrelevant behaviors; and the same level of enjoyment, confidence, and interest.
Contributor: Dan Sun, Hangzhou Normal University
Contributor: Fan Xu, The Ohio State University
Contributor: Chengcong Zhu, Xiaoshan High School
Contributor: Yan LI, Zhejiang University