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The purpose of this literature review is to more closely examine the assumptions underlying consultation models used in educational development. While some aspects of consultation models appropriated from other fields such as organizational development, school psychology and medicine are relevant to pedagogical consultation, others are not. Instructors in higher education often engage in interventions such as individual consultation to enhance their teaching effectiveness and improve student learning; therefore, a consultation model which combines empirically-valid teaching conceptions with effective consultation approaches is desirable. This literature review thus synthesizes research on teaching and consultation effectiveness and proposes a consultation model for use in educational development based on learning- and learner-centered teaching conceptions.