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Major educational initiatives in the world place great emphasis on fostering rich computer-based environments of assessment that make student thinking and reasoning visible. The aim of this study was to explore patterns in student critical thinking performance and motivation in Evidence-Centered Concept Map (ECCM) settings, compared to basic notepad settings. One hundred ninety 14-year-old students from the United States, United Kingdom, Singapore, and South Africa participated in the study. Students in both modes were able to analyze a multifaceted dilemma by using similar information resources. In the ECCM mode, students used ECCM to organize their thinking; in another mode, students were provided with a basic online notepad to make records as needed.