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This study is a quantitative comparison on print, Braille, and auditory literacies. Fifteen adults participated in the study: 5 of them were blind or with visual impairment and preferred the use of Braille to access text material; 5 of them were blind or with visual impairment and preferred audition; and 5 of them were with sight and preferred visual print. The results showed that there were no differences among and within the three groups in their recall of propositions from the texts based upon either their preferred method of accessing print, or listening to an auditory rendition of an equivalent text. Empirical suggestions for a more inclusive definition of literacy are provided.
Shariffa Khalid Al-Said, Ministry of Education, Oman
Ye Wang, Teachers College, Columbia University
Feifei Ye, University of Pittsburgh
Young Ah Lee, The Ohio State University - Lima