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This experimental study used a Solomon Four Group design to compare the efficacy of two science instruction methods, specifically hands-on experiential investigations compared to animated, graphic representations through the use of computer simulations among 203 3rd, 4th, and 5th grade students in two rural, low-income, Appalachian schools. There were no differences in posttest or retention test scores between the hands-on and virtual simulation groups. The implication of this study is that experience with science concepts might be gained equally from computer simulations as from hands-on experiences with physical materials.
Lola J. Aagaard, Morehead State University
Rebecca Gaye Roach, Morehead State University
Robert David Boram, Morehead State University