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Gender differentiated teacher-student interaction has been the subject of extensive empirical research over the last decades in many countries (e.g. USA, UK, Australia). Through the years several review studies and meta-analyses have tried to recapitulate the existing evidence-base. An examination of the body of literature reveals that European studies account for only a small minority of the literature reviewed in the past and are best represented in the most recent literature. A total of 507 unique citations was found through a systematic electronic search and 18 recent European articles were selected for inclusion in the review. The reviewed studies remain inconclusive concerning the balance between negative and positive teacher-student interactions. Studies however do agree that boys receive more negative interactions.