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The purpose of this study is to validate a systematic instrument to measure adolescent online players’ motivations for playing online games (MPOG) and scrutinize how the interplay of differential motivations impacts young gamers’ self-concept and life adaptation. Confirmatory factor analysis determined that a hierarchical model with a two-factor structure of Social-engaging and Social-disengaging MPOG has better factorial validity than one-factor and two-factor models. The study found that individuals who play online games with Social-engaging MPOG are more likely to have a healthy self-concept and life adaptation, whereas players who have Social-disengaging MPOG have poorer self-concepts and experience a significant, negative, and indirect effect on life adaptation through their self-concept.