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Mobile learning, or mlearning, has become an umbrella term for the integration of mobile computing technologies, such as cellphones, smartphones, e-readers, and tablet computers, within teaching and learning. However, unsystematically using these terms dilutes and confounds their meanings. Moreover, these terms fail to adequately articulate inherent theoretical and technical stances, as well as tacit implications. The purpose of this paper is to critically examine the definitions and characteristics of mobile learning, identify their components and inadequacies, and propose questions for the design and research of mobile learning environments. Implications for research and instructional design are also considered.