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This paper forms a critical evaluation of the role of the Special Needs Assistant (SNA) in Ireland’s education system. In light of previous empirical research in the field, the prescribed ‘care role’ of the SNA is queried in terms of its potential to foster independence in children with special educational needs. Using psychological theories and frameworks, a systemic approach to inclusive education is forwarded, whereby the need for whole-school approaches to inclusion is outlined. Based on principles of organisational psychology and scaffolding theory, alternate models of practice are proposed to support optimum learning and development of all children within Ireland’s inclusive education system.