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This paper examines the history of black teacher associations during the era of segregation and contextualizes how professional educators organized to provide a quality education when states unequally provided educational resources by race. Educators across the south organized in statewide teacher associations in order to provide a quality education through activist-oriented research, legal action with the NAACP, professional discourse centered upon quality education, and a rigorous curriculum in the schools. Educators organized professionally in spite of the racial barriers imposed by state departments of education.