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The purpose of the current study is to examine the comparative performance of logistic regression (LR), hierarchical logistic regression (HLR), and hierarchical logistic regression with a latent covariate (HLR-LC) for differential item functioning (DIF) detection. The results of the current study will provide evidence to support the implementation of HLR-LC to account for low reliability of short tests in DIF analysis when the primary sampling units are clusters.