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According to the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS, 2013), K-12 students need to engage with authentic and ill-structured problems. To promote an optimal learning experience with such problems, Problem-based learning (PBL) has been used (Barrows, 1999; Savery, 2015). The learning goal of PBL is not just to evaluate students’ knowledge and abilities, but to help students construct knowledge through the scientific inquiry process and the evaluation of claims (Hmelo-Silver & Barrows, 2015). In this context, students require information literacy to identify, evaluate, and utilize the information effectively (ALA, 2000).
The purpose of this study is to develop and test two types of scaffolding software that help students improve information literacy during science learning in PBL.