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The present study sought to extend prior research in the Chinese context by examining the role of demographic and socioeconomic factors in middle school students’ motivation, engagement, academic buoyancy, and adaptability. A total of 2,434 middle school students in China participated in the study. In terms of student-related SES, it appears that parents’ education explains the bulk of variance with higher education levels associated with higher self-efficacy and adaptability. There were no significant interactions between demographics and SES and so the main effects of gender and parents’ education are associated with motivation, engagement, and adaptability in relatively independent ways.
Kai Yu, Beijing Normal University
Andrew J. Martin, The University of New South Wales
Yuxue Hou, Beijing Normal University
Justin Osborn, Beijing Normal University