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This paper is based on a longitudinal study of 20 elementary teachers, focusing especially on their tenth year of teaching. The teachers reported being under pressure to implement nine major improvement initiatives, all of which were mandated in a top-down manner with minimal teacher input. Some they disagreed with, others they found inconsistent. Given the nature and sheer volume of the mandates, they seemed to run the risk of seriously compromising the teachers’ resilience. Drawing on the data and the research literature, we conclude that school systems should take greater care to ensure that their improvement initiatives form a coherent whole, make sense theoretically, are feasible to implement, and support rather than undermine teachers’ resilience and hence their effectiveness
Elizabeth Rosales, University of Toronto - OISE
Clive M. Beck, OISE/University of Toronto
Clare Kosnik, University of Toronto/OISE
Judy A. Caulfield, Ontario Institute for Studies in Education/ University of Toronto
Yiola Cleovoulou, University of Toronto
Shelley Murphy, OISE/University of Toronto