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As mobile technologies become ubiquitous in intermediate ELA classrooms, a better understanding about how teachers provide digital scaffolding using these tools is needed. This study explores the ways that 12 ELA teachers from three intermediate schools use various instructional technologies to create literacy learning opportunities at each stage of the Gradual Release of Responsibility (GRR) instructional framework. An analysis of 20 hours of observational data indicates that digital tools were used differentially according to the stage of GRR. Contrary to reports on teachers’ use of instructional technology, students were most frequently observed using digital tools during student-centered activities. Areas for future research are also discussed.
Jenell Krishnan, University of California - Irvine
Yenda Prado, University of California - Irvine
Mark Warschauer, University of California - Irvine
Penelope Collins, University of California - Irvine