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The study attempts to examine the key individual and social-contextual factors that facilitate longitudinal increases in agentic engagement. 540 Korean middle school students completed questionnaires to self-report their perceptions of three hypothesized individual level characteristics (self-efficacy, autonomy need satisfaction, and personal growth initiative) and two hypothesized contextual predictors (teacher autonomy support, peer relatedness support) of agentic engagement while 17 teachers rated each student’s agentic engagement. Results revealed that only personal growth initiative significantly predicted corresponding longitudinal increases in agentic engagement. The results imply that personal growth initiative is a critical source that can enable students to display agentic behaviors because of how it is associated to their intentional strivings to pursue positive self-change and ongoing personal growth as learners.