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Peer-to-peer interaction has the potential to increase student autonomy and mathematical learning. A discourse analysis approach is used to examine the patterns of engagement exhibited by 15 preservice secondary mathematics teachers (PSMTs) while collaboratively constructing mathematical arguments in groups of three. The video-recorded interactions are interpreted, and the analysis revealed four distinct patterns of engagement: competing arguments, confirming a perceived more knowledgeable other, dominating voice, and co-construction. The findings indicate that PSMTs are limited with how to communicate productively with one another, which suggests implications for collaborative learning, especially for mathematics students that plan to become teachers.