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In times of teacher shortages, it is increasingly important to both attract people to the teaching professions and to support job retention. An important variable, which has repeatedly been identified to predict teacher retention is teachers’ general job satisfaction (GJS). In this study, we compared GJS of first and second career teachers utilizing data from the 2015 Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA; N = 108,292). Using multiple indicator multiple causes (MIMIC) bifactor models we found that second career teachers are both significantly less satisfied and less prepared for everyday instructional challenges than first career teachers. We infer, that employing second career teachers requires additional support, when teacher shortages are to be mitigated by this route.