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How do families understand their relationship with schools? Adapting Banks’ (2017) Typology of Citizenship to a schooling context, and combining it with Ochoa, Olivos, and Jiménez-Castellanos’ (2011) Levels of Transformative Parent Engagement, we propose a model for thinking about families relative to schools. This model poses four circles of family participation -Excluded, Potential, Active, and Transformative - representing how families position themselves in schooling. The model represents a theoretically informed and ambitious vision for reconceptualizing paths to equitable family-school partnerships. We introduce the theory underpinning the model, articulate the four circles of participation, and illustrate these circles with examples from open comment data drawn from a community member survey of a US Midwestern suburban school district.