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This study investigated effects of paired-peer feedback on student scientific inquiry competence in a series of hands-on performance assessments. One hundred and eighty-eight ninth-grade students were randomly assigned to one treatment group (N=120) and one comparison group (N=68). Students in both groups took six rounds of hands-on performance assessments as inquiry activities, yet only the treatment group participated in paired-peer feedback processes. Statistical results showed that both group students’ scientific inquiry competence was significantly improved. The significant paired-peer feedback effect on inquiry competence, in favor of the treatment group, appeared from the third round intervention to the end, with medium effect sizes. Results also revealed that both hands-on inquiry activities and paired-peer feedback effects varied with different scientific inquiry abilities.