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To ensure all students have opportunities to engage in research activities and benefit from research experiences, it is important to track whether students, particularly URM students, have sufficient opportunities to be involved in research activities and whether this differs across types of institutions, and to explore potential equity gaps and related issues. The present study examines factors that account for URM participation in undergraduate research and explores if different types of institutions have smaller or larger equity gaps in participation. The findings show that STEM majors, institutional selectivity, and first-generation status account for a significant portion of the gap for both Black and Hispanic students.