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The purpose of this meta-analysis is to investigate the relationship between learning engagement and learning achievement in online learning in higher education. We obtained 176 samples from 34 eligible studies published from 2010 to 2022. The findings revealed a medium effect size regarding that the relationship between learning engagement and learning achievement. Second, the effect size in the affective domain was larger than the cognitive and behavioral domains. Third, differences were not found in the effect size of these studies in terms of behavioral, cognitive, emotional, and general engagement. Lastly, the effect size for graduate students in the relationship between learning engagement and achievement was larger than for studies involving either undergraduate students or adult learners.