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Precalculus is one of the most challenging subjects for STEM major college students who are underrepresented minority. Transformation of function, especially horizontal transformation is one of the most difficult concepts in precalculus. Undergraduate students in pre-calculus trigonometry are the participants of this study. Their obstacles to progression in understanding horizontal transformation of function, especially how these obstacles are related to students’ incomplete understanding of function, are analyzed by Duval’s theory. The analysis of the empirical data suggests that one of the main sources of students’ obstacles is understanding the Fundamental Graphing Principle for Function, especially in the x-y coordinate representation of function.