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The general objective of this study is to establish which principals' leadership practices indirectly influence the school achievement of primary school students through the mediation of teacher performance.
This is an ex post facto study with a purposive sample of schools (34) attended by students from (1126) from challenging backgrounds. Performance data on national tests are combined with surveys of principals and teachers, and analyzed with multilevel models.
The results indicate that the variation in student performance can be explained mainly by the principal's leadership practices of nurturing and protecting the professional capacity of teachers, in a framework of distribution of leadership and school autonomy for decision-making.