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The purpose of this study was to expand the literature on theoretically and empirically justifiable factor structures of teacher self-efficacy beliefs (TSE) and provide evidence of factorial invariance of these factor structures across a large international sample of 261,426 inservice teachers across 48 countries around the world. We compared the fit of a novel bifactor latent variable representation (LVR) of TSE against common LVRs of TSE and (b) examined the impact factorial invariance constraints. Results offer strong empirical evidence supporting the use of a bifactor LVR of TSE, as it was the best fitting model compared to the others and acceptably fit the data after applying invariance constraints. Implications and future directions are discussed.