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This study examines the ways in which epistemological standpoint and methodological decisions underlying the construction of statistical models can impact outcomes, and as a result drive legal and policy decisions. Two different constructions of the risk ratio, as used to determine the level of minority disproportionality in special education, are compared: the percent in group approach and the percent in category approach. demonstrate the need to extend the present discourse of minority disproportionality in special education. The conclusion highlights the need to examine the ways in which conditions and policies external to schools impact disproportionality in special education, and present an opportunity to develop an equitable and sound method of measuring disproportionality.