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This research investigates online reading and writing strategies of college ESL (English as a Second Language) students to benefit from online environments. The participants (N = 11) were Korean students studying in a US college. Data from the participants’ verbal protocol, computer screen recordings, and pre-and post-task interviews were collected and analyzed using grounded theory techniques. The results show that college ESL students use Internet text and digital tools by (a) reading simplified information and multimodal text, (b) complementing knowledge of vocabulary and grammar, (c) using digital note-taking and annotations, and (d) using multimodality for writing in digital spaces. The results suggest that the Internet and digital technologies can benefit the reading and writing of ESL students.