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Across the United States, State Education Agencies (SEAs) are using tiered strategies, such as Multi-Tiered System of Supports (MTSS) frameworks, to ensure that all students, including diverse learners, receive equal, high-quality education. However, little is known about the extent to which SEAs are encouraging use of MTSS to address the needs of students with moderate-to-severe disabilities (e.g., significant cognitive disability). The present study aimed to examine how SEAs conceptualize and support the implementation of MTSS as an approach to inclusionary education. Data were collected through interviews with key informants in SEAs across 19 states. Analyses showed variability across states regarding their commitment to an MTSS approach and their progress in implementing MTSS practices on behalf of all students. Implications for policy and practice are discussed.
Keywords: Multi-tiered System of Supports; Inclusive Education; Policy; Significant Cognitive Disability