Validation and Application of the Basic Psychological Needs Scale (BPNS) in Postsecondary Online Learning Contexts

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Abstract

The Basic Psychological Needs Scale (BPNS) has been used most often to measure the three basic psychological needs, but its applicability in online learning settings had not been subject to rigorous psychometric analysis. The purpose of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the BPNS among a sample of college students in post-secondary online learning contexts. The results indicated that, on the whole, each subscale satisfies the unidimensionality that captures the essence of the psychology needs for the post-secondary students in online learning settings. The scale was highly reliable, but the 7-point response structure needs modifications. For all three subscales, more items should be constructed to optimize the item distribution.

Authors

• Do-Hong Kim, Wayne State University

• Yibo Fan, Wayne State University