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This scoping review maps the literature of general music classroom interventional studies that resulted in positive developmental outcomes for young children. By adopting the PRISMA-ScR method, fifty-one studies were included and coded based on two sets of categories addressing music activities and positive child outcomes, respectively. Nine categories of music activities and seven categories of positive outcomes were identified, and the associated descriptive statistics were provided. Different levels of evidence were presented using a heatmap regarding the positive association between the various types of music activities and positive outcomes, which indicated trends of different associations. Potential reasons are discussed. Relevant for early childhood music education stakeholders, this review informs future research directions and inspires instruction in early childhood education settings.