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This mixed-methods study, employing a virtual reality (VR)-supported simulation integrated with artificial intelligence (AI)-powered virtual students, explored the frequent patterns of preservice teachers’ talk moves as they attempted to orchestrate a responsive discussion, as well as the affordances and challenges of leveraging AI-supported virtual simulation to enhance PSTs’ responsive teaching skills. Sequential analysis of the talk moves of both PSTs (n = 24) and virtual students indicated that although PSTs did employ responsive talk moves, they encountered difficulties in transitioning from the authoritative, teacher-centered teaching approach to a responsive way of teaching. The qualitative analysis revealed participants’ diverse engagement in the experience. The study findings provide insights into the potential of leveraging AI-supported simulation to improve PSTs’ responsive teaching skills.