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This study develops a scale measuring pre-service teacher competency (PTC) in an online learning environment. After conducting a comprehensive literature review, this study constructed seven PTCs in online learning environments: design/planning competency, social competency, instructive competency, technological competency, management competency, positive teacher attitude competency, and learning competency. We developed the PTC in Online Learning Environment scale with 11 scenarios and 34 items after revision based on focus group interviews with six pre-service teachers and five in-service teachers to review face and content validity. We conducted confirmatory factor analyses and reliability analyses with 579 pre-service teachers, and the scale showed good construct validity and reliability.