Using the Iceberg Framework of Conceptual Analysis to Identify Systemic Racism in School Policy/Practice

• In Event: Critical Considerations of Discipline-Related Policies

Abstract

This paper conducts a systematic literature review focusing on discrepancies between policy ideals and practical applications in K-12 education, especially regarding racial injustice against black students. It utilizes the Iceberg Framework of Conceptual Analysis to delve into the complexity of racism, which involves surface-level manifestations, institutional and systemic influences, and underlying cultural ideologies. Applying Critical Race Theory, this paper will identify visible forms of racism, such as disciplinary disparities, analyze systemic contributors like biased policies, and explore cultural origins, such as dominant narratives. This paper aims to offer strategies for dismantling racist structures, promoting inclusive practices, and cultivating equitable learning environments by challenging biases and amplifying marginalized voices in K-12 public education.

Author

• Amura Cameron, Old Dominion University