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This article systematically reviews empirical evidence on higher education leadership in the Arab World, focusing on studies published in peer-reviewed journals from 1980 to 2023. Using bibliographic data from the Web of Science (WoS) and SCOPUS, the review followed PRISMA guidelines for data collection, eligibility, and analysis. A thematic analysis was conducted to trace research development, volume, geographic distribution, and trends. The review provides a macro-outlook of study volume and trends, presenting key topical areas such as administrative policy, leadership, organizational culture, technology, and social change. The paper concludes with theoretical and methodological insights, offering recommendations for future research, policy, and governance to better address local and global trends in higher education development.