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This study investigated the reciprocal relations among belonging and emotions in undergraduate science students (n = 417), and their impact on science persistence. We analyzed data at three time points from a longitudinal study. Results from cross-lagged analyses indicated that positive emotions and belonging had some reciprocal relations, but the pattern was inconsistent over time. There were no reciprocal relations among negative emotions and belonging. Belonging consistently predicted science persistence, and emotional dimensions varied in their predictions of the same outcomes. Findings suggest that supporting feelings of belonging and positive emotions can enhance science persistence, highlighting a possible critical period for supporting students' emotional well-being and academic success.
William Van Luven, Michigan State University
Garam A. Lee, Michigan State University
Utku Caybas, Michigan State University
Saki Inoue, Michigan State University
Manuela Berardinelli Urbanske Donnelly, Old Dominion University
John Keane, University of Michigan
Tony Perez, Old Dominion University
Lisa Linnenbrink-Garcia, Michigan State University