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Community colleges (CC) play a critical role in providing adult education (AE) English as a Second Language (ESL) services. This paper presents findings on federal and state AE ESL policies, including the opportunities and challenges that these policies present for the delivery of AE ESL services within CCs. CCs provide access to free or low-cost AE ESL courses and supportive services and have transformative potential for creating pathways to postsecondary education and occupational training for a wide range of multilingual learners (MLs). However, like other providers, CCs can struggle to fully meet this population’s needs, due to structural constraints, including limitations within the policies governing AE programming.