Understanding First-Generation College Students: Challenges, Theoretical Gaps, and New Frameworks

• In Event: Theorizing Gaps in College Student Development

Abstract

This study explores the unique challenges faced by first-generation college students (FGCSs), critically evaluating dominant theoretical frameworks and proposing new models to better understand FGCSs’ experiences. A systematic literature review reveals a lack of comprehensive theories addressing FGCS complexities. Using Swanson and Chermack’s framework for theory-building in applied disciplines, key findings highlight the need for new frameworks that integrate sociopolitical awareness and familial dynamics. In this paper, I introduce several new theories based on the papers reviewed, such as the Sociopolitical Prior Knowledge Theory and the First-Generation Self-Concept Theory, aimed at providing deeper insights into the FGCS experience. These frameworks seek to improve educational strategies and policies, offering pathways for enhanced academic support and inclusion for FGCSs.

Author

• Cynthia Garcia, University of Texas at Austin