A Conceptual Framework for Virtual Mentoring and Coaching of School Leaders

• In Event: Instructional Leadership and Mentorship: Frameworks, Challenges, and Impacts

Abstract

This conceptual paper proposes a framework for Virtual Mentoring and Coaching (VMC) to support school leaders’ instructional leadership capacity. Although research on VMC is limited, existing studies highlight its potential as a scalable and flexible professional development model. Through thematic analysis, we identified five key themes: (a) types of mentoring and coaching, (b) impact on professional development, (c) barriers and challenges, (d) strategies and models, and (e) outcomes and effectiveness. These findings demonstrate VMC’s promise in fostering reflection, enhancing leadership skills, and sustaining growth in virtual contexts. This framework offers practical guidance for future research, policy, and leadership development.

Authors

• Roya Pashmforoosh, Texas A&M University

• Beverly J. Irby, Texas A&M University

• Rafael Lara-Alecio, Texas A&M University