Emotion as Engagement: Understanding Adult Learners’ Emotional Openness and Persistence in AI-Mediated Learning

• In Event: Emotion, Imagination, and Engagement: Affective Elements of Adults' Digital Practices

Abstract

As artificial intelligence (AI) becomes more integrated into instructional design, understanding its emotional impact on learners is critical. This study examines how adult learners (ALs) express emotions when engaging with AI tools like ChatGPT compared to peers, and whether emotional openness predicts long-term engagement. Analyzing over 650 discussion posts, structured reflections, and interviews, we found ALs disclosed more negative emotions—especially frustration—with AI, perceiving it as a safer, judgment-free space. Emotional openness early in the course significantly predicted sustained participation. These findings highlight the affective dimension of AI-mediated learning and suggest that emotionally responsive AI design may enhance AL motivation and retention, offering implications for adult educators seeking to design emotionally attuned AI-supported learning environments.

Authors

• Lingfei Luan, University of Minnesota

• Xi Lin, East Carolina University

• Yan Dai, Tuskegee University