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Grit is a key factor for faculty research success, yet few studies have tested its effects over time. This study followed 167 STEM faculty members from 10 US research institutions, using three annual surveys supplemented by Web of Science publication and citation data. Panel and mixed-effects models were used to test the longitudinal effects of grit. Perseverance of effort predicted bibliometric productivity early but declined over time, suggesting possible long-term costs of unsupported effort. Consistency of interest is a stable predictor of perceived success in research activities, publications, and grants. These findings support grit as a multidimensional and time sensitive trait. The findings offer insights for faculty development programs and institutional strategies to support sustained academic engagement and research productivity.