Bearing the Burden: Cultural and Psychological Costs for Im/migrant and Refugee Families in Special Education

• In Event: AERA Roundtable Session Wednesday 9:45 am - Gold 2
  In Roundtable Session: Advancing Equity in Special and Inclusive Education

Abstract

This study examines the cultural and psychological costs experienced by multilingual im/migrant and refugee families navigating U.S. special education systems. Drawing on Minority Stress Theory and Trauma-Informed Perspectives, we analyze in-depth interviews with 19 families of children with disabilities to explore how institutional processes evoke fear, confusion, and cultural dissonance. Families described psychological fatigue, stigma, and systemic mistrust, while also demonstrating resilience and advocacy. Findings reveal how bureaucratic norms often misalign with families’ cultural values, creating barriers to meaningful engagement. This research calls for policies that center relational trust, culturally grounded communication, and trauma-informed practices. By highlighting emotional and cultural burdens, the study contributes to efforts to reimagine inclusive systems across linguistic, cultural, and institutional boundaries.

Authors

• Melissa J. Cuba, University of Maine

• Adai A. Tefera, University of Arizona