Reforming Higher Education in Kazakhstan: Conflict between Global Aspirations and Local Realities

• In Event: Policy Without Borders: Rethinking Higher Education Reform Across Nations and Narratives

Abstract

Kazakhstan is one of the most reformist countries in Central Asia and the post-Soviet region. Since independence, it has introduced significant changes and numerous reforms to its higher education system. Using Olsen’s institutional dynamics and Christiansen and Lægreid’s public sector reform frameworks, this study examines higher education reform and policy implementation process and identifies factors that enable or hinder reform progress. Based on insights from policymakers and senior leadership at six universities, the study reveals a gap between Kazakhstan’s aspirations for a globally competitive, innovative education system and its historically centralized, bureaucratic structure. The study argues for a more supportive, inclusive, and context-aware environment to help universities effectively implement and sustain reforms.

Authors

• Dilrabo Jonbekova, Nazarbayev University

• Aida Sagintayeva, Nazarbayev University

• Sulushash Kerimkulova, Nazarbayev University