“Not Smart Enough”: STEM Mindsets and the Impostor Phenomenon in Adolescents

• In Event: Mindsets and Motivation Across Contexts: Developmental and Disciplinary Perspectives on Self-Beliefs and Learning

Abstract

Impostor phenomenon (IP) refers to feelings of being a fraud despite evident success. These feelings may be linked to adolescents’ beliefs about their STEM ability, particularly whether ability is fixed or malleable. Using attribution and mindset theories as theoretical frameworks, we surveyed students in Grades 7-10 (N = 554) three times across an academic year to examine how these beliefs develop concurrently. We employed a random intercept cross-lagged panel model to examine dynamic, within-person associations between mindsets and impostor feelings. There was a significant positive effect supporting a relation from ability mindsets to IP. Adolescents who viewed STEM abilities as fixed were more prone to developing impostor feelings. Fostering a growth mindset may help reduce impostor feelings among STEM students.

Authors

• Kahyun Lee, University of Houston

• Joung Yon Choi, University of Houston

• Allison Master, University of Houston