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Amid South Korea’s nationwide digital education initiative, disparities in technology access have deepened the digital divide among schools. This qualitative multiple case study explored how three in-service English as a Foreign Language teachers exercised agency by engaging as teacher-researchers within a collaborative inquiry community. Through action research, reflective teaching, and critical exploration of technology, these teachers challenged ecological constraints across policy, school, and classroom levels. The study reveals how teacher agency is not passively shaped by top-down mandates but actively constructed through teachers’ collaboration and research-driven practices. Collaborative inquiry provided a space for teachers to analyze and transform their pedagogical approaches, highlighting the crucial role of teacher voice and agency in bridging educational inequities in technology integration.