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This study presents a systematic review of the empirical research on primary school students’ digital competences. In total, 14 studies were selected and reviewed. Results showed that most studies focused on digital competences as 'information and data literacy', 'communication and collaboration' and 'creation of digital content', but competence areas 'safely and responsible use' and 'problem solving' remain underexposed. Besides, the emphasis of most instruments is rather on the measurement of skills, and less attention is paid to knowledge and attitudes. Next, most studies use indirect assessment e.g. self-report or traditional selected-response formats. Only a few studies use direct assessment e.g. authentic performance assessment in a simulated computer-environment.