Discrimination, Bullying, or Harassment in Manual Therapy Education: A Preliminary Critical Interpretive Synthesis Systematic Review

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Abstract

In this paper we present the preliminary findings of our systematic literature review and critical interpretive synthesis. The objective of this review is to chart, appraise and synthesise the available evidence regarding the experience of discrimination, bullying or harassment in undergraduate manual therapy education, which consists of the chiropractic, osteopathic and physiotherapy professions. We have highlighted bullying is prevalent in MT education and staff may perpetrate and contribute to a culture of bullying. Worryingly sexual harassment by staff may be present in this setting. Attainment gaps are apparent for marginalised students, including Black and Asian students and students with disabilities. Our review is underpinned by a critical theory lens and uses robust methods whilst incorporating critical interpretivist synthesis.

Author

• Andrew James MacMillan