More Hours, More Work: Head Start Expansions Boost Maternal Employment

• In Event: The Economic Effects of Early Childhood Education on Parents and Children

Abstract

Understanding the causes and consequences of women's labor force participation has been the focus of much economic inquiry, particularly in light of women's pronounced entry in the labor force over the last five decades. Specifically, there have been notable increases in participation among mothers of young children. Extensive evidence shows that women’s career paths are more likely to be interrupted by childbirth and caregiving responsibilities and are particularly vulnerable to the disruptions of parenthood. However, research also indicates that policies supporting mothers’ continued participation in or return to work after childbirth, and those helping them balance professional and domestic roles, can yield meaningful benefits in both the short and long term. One prominent example of such policies is child care availability and affordability. Availability of early childhood care may facilitate women's ability to fulfill parenting and work responsibilities. This study estimates the impact of expanded hours of Head Start, using a recent policy change and funding eligibility rule. Greater availability of full-day Head Start boosts employment for single mothers of young children, which has important implications for their careers and their families' well-being.

Author

• Esra Kose, University of California, Merced
  Presenting Author