Evaluating the Perceptions of Problem Shifting Related to Large-Scale Solar Development in the US and UK

• In Event: Designing for Diffusion: Opportunities and Barriers in Energy Transition

Abstract

As a means to decarbonize the electricity sector, solar energy continues to expand across the globe.  Large, utility-scale solar continues to be an increasingly prominent deployment type that is spurring rapid growth in capacity figures.  In addition to smaller-scale rooftop and commercial/community solar, these large-scale solar projects are becoming an important approach to meet governmental clean energy targets.  Moreover, other demand-side drivers, such as corporate sustainability goals, have also worked to prompt large-scale solar installations, and many individual projects are now hundreds of megawatts (MW) and hundreds of acres in scale.  Given the increasing reliance on, and very large size of, these projects, critical questions are being raised regarding how these solar installations intersect with landscapes and communities.  Specifically, notable concerns have emerged regarding potential unintended consequences, or “problem shifts,” associated with this type of development.  Several issues continue to be raised by the public, both positive and negative, such as land use conflicts regarding agricultural production.  This study examines these perceptions by analyzing over 4,500 public comments submitted by citizens, local businesses, and other stakeholders for 24 solar projects - 16 in the United States (US) and 8 in the United Kingdom (UK).  Through textual analysis, seven thematic areas are identified that comment submitters most frequently bring up as it relates to the impacts of large-scale solar development: aesthetics, economics, health, land use, pollution, property values, and wildlife.  While there is some consistency in the public comments from a comparative perspective, such as many complaints about land use and wildlife impacts, notable distinctions do emerge.  For instance, it is found that US commenters were much more likely to spotlight the economic benefits of solar with a positive sentiment, whereas the UK commenters expressed economic concerns more negatively.  Overall, these results emphasize the need for solar developers and policymakers alike to better address the public as it relates to these perceived problem shifts - especially those with major apprehensions - to help cultivate a more socially acceptable transition to renewable energy.

Author

• Gilbert Michaud, Loyola University Chicago
  Presenting Author