Division 21: Conflict Processes

Audience Cost or Posturing Premium? How Empty Threats Work in Small Countries - Renard J Sexton, Emory University; Nico Ravanilla, University of California San Diego

Audience Costs and the Credibility of Public versus Public Threats - Makito Takei, Tecnologico de Monterrey

Dodging the Accusation: Defeat Types and Public Support on Post-war Leaders - Alexis Jang; Masanori Kikuchi, Washington University in St. Louis

Moving Crowds and Winning Crises: Anger, Audience Costs, and Signaling Resolve - Hohyun Yoon, University of Pennsylvania

Opportunistic Blame: How Domestic Opposition Erodes Democratic Accountability in Foreign Policy - Joon Hyuk Chung, University of California, San Diego

Roseanne McManus Pennsylvania State University

Casey Crisman-Cox Texas A&M University

Henk Erich Goemans University of Rochester