Search
Program Calendar
Browse By Day
Browse By Time
Browse By Person
Browse By Session Type
Browse By Topic
Personal Schedule
Sign In
Deadlines
Policies
Updating Your Submission
Requesting AV
Presentation Tips
Request a Visa Letter
FAQs
X (Twitter)
Search Tips
Annual Meeting App
About Annual Meeting
This paper examines how Pakistani migrant organizations experience and respond to racialized organizational stigma generated by the global 'war on terror' regulatory regime in the three largest Pakistani migrant destinations in North America and Europe: London, Toronto and New York City. Data come from 131 in-depth interviews. Findings reveal that Pakistani migrant organizations experience similar manifestations of organizational stigma across all three cities and employ similar strategies to manage stigma. Transnational organizations encounter the greatest degree of racialized stigma and incur high costs in order to maintain legitimacy.